was built in 874 CE in Cairo andprovided free medical treatment for all patients. During the 10th century, leading Adalusian physician al-Zahrawi was responsible for inventing more than 200 sophisticated surgical tools, and many of the instruments used by surgeons today are very similar to those invented more than 1000 years ago. Al-Zahrawi was also responsible for pioneering the use of catgut for internal stitching. Without catgut internal surgery would be less effective as it is the ...